dosidicus gigas is also known as "American squid". Cephalopoda, Softfish. The carcass is conical. There is no membrane outside the orbit. The mantle cartilage is separated from the infundibulum cartilage. dosidicus gigas has sub-circular pigmented spots of alternating sizes on the body surface. There are longitudinal folds in the shallow hole in the front of the funnel depression, with 3-4 small side capsules on each side. The two fins meet in a slightly horizontal diamond shape. The tentacles have 4 rows of suckers, the middle 2 rows are large, the large suckers have horny rings with sharp teeth, 4 of which are larger, and the positions are at right angles to each other. Inner shell horny, narrowly striped. The recorded maximum carcass length is 1.5m and the maximum weight is 50kg. It is one of the largest species in the softfish family.

Oceanic shallow sea species, inhabiting water depths up to 1200m, especially rich in resources off the east coast of South America. dosidicus gigas has a vertical migratory habit, living in the water layer of 800-1000m or even deeper during the day, and living in the water layer of 0-200m at night. The upper limit of the suitable range of surface temperature is 15-28 °C, but it even reaches 30-32 °C in the Chidao sea area, while the lower limit of the deep water temperature is 4-4.5 °C. There are three body types: large, medium and small.
The male sexual maturity is earlier than that of the female, the initial sexual mature carcass length of the male is 180-250mm (age 2-3 months), and the initial sexual mature carcass length of the female is 350mm-400mm (age 5-6 months) . The spawning grounds are near the edge of the continental slope. Dosidicus gigas moves quickly and has strong vertical mobility, so it has developed a strong food habit in all stages of its life. At the same time, the phenomenon of cannibalism among and within species also exists.